The UK is considering new legislation that would revise the restitution process to more easily allow national museums to return works of art looted during World War II. The Holocaust (stolen art) restitution bill would allow these institutions to return objects from their collections. Andrew Dismore, the Labour MP for Hendon is quoted in
the Guardian: "I hope it will close another chapter from the Holocaust . . . It means recognising a right that has been denied for decades. I suspect many people would be prepared to allow their artwork to stay in public collections but it's their right to decide what happens to it."
The change is needed because of cases like this one:
When the Germans invaded Czechoslovakia in 1939, the Feldmanns were evicted from their home, leaving a collection of Old Master drawings in Gestapo hands. Arthur died after being tortured by the Nazis in the Spilberk Castle prison in his home city of Brno. Gisela died in Auschwitz.
With the help of the London-based Commission for Looted Art in Europe, Feldmann's descendants proved that four of his drawings had ended up in the British Museum. The museum was prepared to return them to the family but was blocked by a high court judge. Instead the family negotiated a deal, including an ex-gratia payment of £175,000, that allows the drawings to remain in London.
Feldmann's grandson Uri Peled, 66, who lives in Israel, said that although he did not wish to have the items returned, the principle of the bill - allowing the rightful owner to make the decision about what to do with their art - was important.
The change will open speculation for claims for other works in UK institutions that may have been taken under less-than-appropriate circumstances—like the Parthenon marbles, the Benin bronzes, the Rosetta stone, or the Lewis chessmen. As such the legislation is limited to "objects stolen between 1933 and 1945 by the Nazi regime". Though the legislation is sharply focused on a narrow historical period, one wonders why only those objects are left open for restitutions when the others are not. The Second World War was a special circumstance perhaps, but its not clear how that historical period is different from other conflicts.
1 comment:
This is a good beginning and should be supported by all. Stealing should be discouraged under all circumstances and there is no reason why stealing or looting under the Nazi regime should be treated specially. Once this bill becomes law, one should proceed to consider the issue of the Benin bronzes which were looted under circumstances that do no honour to the British. The British Museum has been selling these bronzes to others but refuses to consider requests for restitution. Neil MacGregor has even argued that the Benin bronzes were made out of material from Europe and therefore the British Museum has good reason for keeping them. Where the museum directors fail to resolve issues of restitution, the legislators should step in.
Kwame Opoku.
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